Section 4 Exploratory high-dimensional outcomes: microbiome, untargeted proteomics, untargeted metabolomics

This section covers human milk components that were designated as exploratory outcomes: the milk microbiome (α-diversity and individual taxa), untargeted proteomics, and untargeted metabolomics.

4.1 Microbiome

4.1.1 α-diversity

Effects on z-scored observed richness and Shannon diversity, pooled and then by randomized arm.

4.1.2 Individual microbial features

Per-taxon effects, pooled intervention vs. control.

4.2 Untargeted proteomics

Per-protein effects, pooled intervention vs. control, in the dyads with proteomics. ELICIT is not included because its proteome samples came only from the control and azithromycin arms.

The plot shows the 2,000 estimates with the smallest P, of 3,001; the table lists all of them.

4.3 Untargeted metabolomics

Per-feature effects, pooled intervention vs. control, for about 97,000 features across trials, visits, and ionization modes.

The plot shows the 5,000 estimates with the smallest P, of 353,656; the table lists the features with Q < 0.10.